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In this first follow-up blog post of the Tridion Docs webinar 'Automating tasks in SDL Tridion Docs using PowerShell', I will share a short summary of the 'How to get started with Microsoft PowerShell' part of the webinar, the resources and the script used during this webinar.
https://youtu.be/3ItM2LDwh20
Summary
What is PowerShell
- A task-based command-line shell and scripting language from Microsoft
- Harnesses the power of the .NET Framework, providing rich objects and a massive set of built-in functionality for taking control of your environments and applications
Cmdlets
A cmdlet (pronounced "command-let"):
- is a lightweight PowerShell script that performs a single function,
- is expressed as a Verb-(Prefix)Noun pair (e.g. Get-Help, Get-AdUser),
- has a .ps1 extension.
PowerShell modules and packages
- A collection of cmdlets can be grouped and made available over a versioned module/package.
- These modules can be managed as packages using e.g. PowerShellGet (a package manager for Windows PowerShell)
- The packages can be made available on a public repository (e.g. https://powershellgallery.com) or a private repository (e.g. Nexus).
Installing PowerShell
- PowerShell 5.1 comes with Windows 10/Windows Server 2016 out-of-the-box.
- It needs to be installed/upgraded on other Operating Systems
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/setup/installing-windows-powershell?view=powershell-6#upgrading-existing-windows-powershell
Using PowerShell
- Most of the time needs to be run as Administrator
- PowerShell ISE (Integrated Scripting Environment)
Run commands and write, test, and debug scripts in a single Windows-based graphic user interface with multi-line editing, tab completion, syntax coloring, selective execution, context-sensitive help, ... - Execution (Security) Policy
The execution policies let you determine the conditions under which PowerShell scripts are run (and configuration files are loaded)
Online resources
- https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/ One of the best places to start is the PowerShell section on the Microsoft documentation website
Next to an exhaustive 'Get Started' section, it also contains links to the detailed PowerShell reference and other PowerShell community websites. - https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/
Latest PowerShell tips and tricks from The Scripting Guy, Ed Wilson. - https://powershell.org/
A community-owned and operated site dedicated to education, assistance, and development. - And the other usual suspects like:
StackOverFlow (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/powershell), Bing, Google, …
Webinar script
Inside the script, you will also find some comments and additional links to specific online resources.
## 0. PowerShell?## (*) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/powershell-scripting## 1. Installing PowerShell (version 5.1)# PowerShell 5.1 comes with Windows 10/Windows Server 2016 out-of-the-box.# Needs to be installed/upgraded on other Operating# (*) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/setup/installing-windows-powershell?view=powershell-6#upgrading-existing-windows-powershell$PSVersionTable # $ -> variable## 2. PowerShell/PowerShell ISE (Integrated Scripting Environment)# .ps1# Intellisense/tab-completion/...# Command Add-on# BreakpointsWrite-## 3. Execution (Security) Policy# (*) http://powershelltutorial.net/V3/Powershell-Security-Policy# (*) https://docs.microsoft.com/nl-be/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_execution_policies?view=powershell-6Get-ExecutionPolicy -ListGet-ExecutionPolicySet-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy UnrestrictedSet-Executionpolicy -Scope CurrentUser -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted## 4. Verb-Noun Principle# The Philosophy Verb-Noun - (*) https://sid-500.com/2017/12/28/powershell-for-beginners-part-2-the-philosophy-verb-noun/# Approved Verbs for Windows PowerShell Commands - (*)https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms714428(v=vs.85).aspx# Cmdlets Use Verb-Noun Names to Reduce Command MemorizationStart-Process # Start-Process notepad.exeGet-Process # Get-Process -Name notepadStop-Process # Stop-Process -Name notepad# You can list all commands that include a particular noun/verb with the -Noun/-Verb parameter for Get-CommandGet-Command -Noun ProcessGet-Command -Verb Get# Simular for e.g. services...Get-Command -Noun ServiceStart-ServiceGet-ServiceStop-Service#... # Get-Help/-? command #Message to download/update help# Update-HelpGet-Help Write-Host # Write-Host -?Get-Help Write-Host -DetailedGet-Help Write-Host -ShowWindow## 5. Parameters# Cmdlets Use Standard Parameters# It is a developer guidance/encouragement to standardize parameter names (not guaranteed).# Intellisense/tab-completion (parameters names and values)#Get-Process -Name explorerGet-Service -Name dhcp## 6. Piping# Combining commands into pipelines in the PowerShell# (*) https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_pipelines?view=powershell-6Start-Process notepad.exeGet-Process -Name notepad | Stop-Process## 7. Package Management/Modules# Packages are served up by package providers, which are created from various sources.# By default, PowerShell comes with two package sources: nuget.org and PSGallery.# Public: E.g. PowerShell Gallery vs Private repositoriesGet-PackageProvider -? #PowerShellGet # Get-Help Get-PackageProvider -ShowWindowGet-PackageSource -? # Get-Help Get-PackageSource -ShowWindow Get-PSRepository -? # Get-Help Get-PSRepository -ShowWindow# Installed modulesGet-Module -ListAvailableGet-Module -ListAvailable -Name WindowsUpdateGet-Module -ListAvailable -Name ISHRemote# Available modules (from defined PSRepositories) -> Nuget provider !Find-Module -Name "ISH*" #Find-Module -Name "ISHRemote" -Repository PSGalleryInstall-Module -Name ISHRemote -Repository PSGallery -Scope CurrentUser# NuGet provider is required to continue# PowerShellGet requires NuGet provider version '2.8.5.201' or newer to interact with NuGet-based repositories.
